Water-motor.



110.002,104. MTBNTED 0011731905.

J. 0. HOWARD.

WATER MOTOR.

APPLIcA'rIoN 'FILED oo1.21,1004.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

"ATORNEYS PATENTED 00T. 17, 1905.

No.V 802,104.

J. c. HOWARD.

WATER MofroR.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T.21.1904.

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PATENTBD OCT. 17, 1905. J. C. HOWARD.

WATER MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED ooT.21.1904

3 SHEETS- SHEET 3.

INVENTOR /SSC Cjowa ffl l WITNESSES:

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JESSE O. HOWARD, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO D. H. FOBES, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

WATER-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 17, 1905.

Application filed October 21, 1904. Serial No. 229,359.

To all Awhom, it may concern:

Beit known that I. Jnssn C. HOWARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in WaterMotors, o1c which the following' is a specification.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in water-motors.

The object oi' the invention is to provide means whereby a single piston-head may be employed without the use of ecc'entrics and valve-rods operated by the piston-head or piston-rod.

A further object resides in an automatically-operated main valve and an automaticallyoperated auxiliary valve arranged to control the movement of the main valve.

Finally, the object of the invention is to provide a device of the character described that ture and one in which the several parts will n not be liable to get out of working order.'

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists of the novel details of construction and operation, a preferable embodiment of which is described in the speciiication and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein4 Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view showing one side of the motor. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the opposite side of the motor. Fig. 3 is an under side view. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional View through the valve-chest on the line m m of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on the line yyof Fig. l, and Fig. 6 is a like view taken on the line .e z of Fig. 1.

In the drawings the numeral 1 designates the cylinder, which is capped at each end by the heads 2. Each head is formed with arecessed boss 3, extending inwardly and provided with the annular cushioning-ring 4, formed of a suitable resilient material and adapted to be abutted by the ring projections formed on either side ot' the piston-head 6 when the said piston reaches the end of itsstroke in the cylinder. The piston is otherwise suitably formed and mounted upon the end of the piston-rod 7, which reciprocates through the packing-gland 8, formed in the cylinder-head 2. The resilient rings 4 not only cushion the piston-head, but prevent the same from coming in contact with the heads proper, thereby providing a space between the piston-head and the cylinder-heads by which thciluid may enter and start the pistonhead upon its return stroke. For admitting fluid to the cylinder the heads 2 are cutaway at 9, so as to establish communication between the cylinder and the chambers 10, formed longitudinally in the enlargement 11 of the cylinder. The chambers 10 are divided by the central partition or web 12, upon each side oi' which they are open for the purposes hereinafter described. Mounted upon the enlargement 11 is a suitable valve-casing 13, which is preferably of a general annular vshape in cross-section and is provided at each end with cap-nuts 14, which seal the same. Upon its upper side the valve-casing is formed with a channeled boss 15, connected with a source of suitable iiuid-supply by a screwthreaded nipple 16. Beneath the boss the casing is formed with a bridge 17 of shorter length than the interior of the boss so as to provide inlets 18 at each end. Beneath the bridge and to one side the casing is formed with an exhaust-opening 19, from which extends a nipple 20, to which latter any suitable exhaust conveying means may be attached.

The valve-casing 13 has an annular bore in which is arranged at each end adjacent the cap-nuts 14 packing-disks 21, which are formed with an annular` groove 22, into which project set-screws 23, threaded in the casing from opposite sides. By this arrangement the packing-disks 21 are securely held in place, and chambers `24 are formed between the said packing-disks and the cap-nuts, while an intermediate or central chamber 25 is formed between the said disks. Each of the packing-disks 21 is formed with a central concaved opening 26, from which extend radial passages 27, establishing communication between the annular groove 22 and the said opening. The packing-disk is formed upon each side with annular collars 28, having internal and external screw-threads. Upon each side of each disk is secured a packing-ring 29, which is held-in place by the screw-threaded washer 30, engaged with the external screw-threads of the collar 28. The packing-rings are thus held in close contact with the bore of the casing 13, producing fluid-tight joints which prevent tbe iiuid from passing from one cham- IOO . rel.

ber to the other. About the central opening 26 of the disks are secured smaller packingrings 31, held in place by the screw-threaded washers 32, engaged with the internal threads of the collars 28. The rings 31 receive and support the hollow stems 33 of the main valve 34, allowing the said stems to bemoved longitudinally and forming fluid tight joints therewith. The hollow stems 33 are formed with radial ports 35, which are adapted when the main valve is moved to one side to cornmunicate with the concaved opening 26 of one of the packing-disks 21 at one end and with one of the chambers 24 at the opposite end. It is obvious that by moving the main valve 34 longitudinally the positions of the ports 35 with relation to the packing-disks and chambers is reversed.

The main valve 34 comprises two barrel portions 36, from which the hollow stems 33 project and communicate. Each barrel portion is provided with a plurality of long'itudinal ducts 37, which establish communication between the interior of' the barrel and the intermediate chamber between the barrel and the packing-disk. The barrel is provided with a ring of radial ports 38, which pass through the barrel between the ducts 37. Each barrel supports a channeled sleeve 39, provided with apertures 40, adapted to register with the ports 38. However, should the said ports and apertures not register the channel portion of the said sleeve establishes communication between the parts. r1`he sleeve is impinged at each end by packing-rings 41, which are held in place by the flanged sleeve 42, which is internally screw-threaded and engages the screw-threaded end 43 of' the bar- By this 'arrangement {luid-tight joints are formed at each end of each sleeve 39 and the iiuid introduced confined between the packing-rings of' each sleeve. The valve is so constructed and arranged as to always cause that portion of' the sleeves 39 inclosed between the packing-rings 41 to lie beneath the inlets 18, thus constantly keeping the chamber or space about the said sleeve and a portion of the interior of the barrel filled with the fluid. The flanged sleeve 42 vis provided with a plurality of ports 44, through which a portion of the exhaust uid from the barrel passes into the bore of the casing and the exhaust-outlet 19.

Formed on each side ofthe center of' the casing 13 are circular grooves 45, which are cut through at their lower ends and open into transverse' recesses 46 in the bottom of the casing disposed over the ope-n portions of the chambers 10 on opposite sides of the partition or web 12. These openings and grooves act both as inlet and exhaust openings for the cylinder 1, as when the main valve 34 is moved in either direction one of the said grooves 45 stands between the ends of the flanged sleeve 42, thus allowing the fluid from the chamber 10, with which it communicates,

to pass into the casing 13 and out through the exhaust-outlet 19, while the Huid passing through one of the openings 18 is allowed to pass into the opposite chamber 10 through the other Vrecess 46 and slotted groove 45, which will be confined between the packingrings 41 of one of' the barrels 36. Itis obvious that the slotted grooves 45 are so positioned as to-cause one of them to stand between the iianged ends of' the sleeve 42 and the other to lie between the packing-rings 41 of one of the barrels 36 when the valve is moved. Within the barrels, which, as before described, are connected by the flanged sleeve 42, I arrange an auxiliary valve which controls the movement of the main valve 34. The auxiliary valve comprises a central flanged connection 47, through which passes the rod 48, which carries the valve-sleeves 49, confined between the packing-rings 50, the innermost of which impinge the ends of the flanged connection 47, while the outer packing-rings are held in position against the sleeves by the nuts 51, threaded upon the ends of' the rod. The parts of the valve are thus rigidly secured together, and the packingrings 50, forming tight joints with the bore of the main valve, form Huid-tight chambers about each sleeve. The sleeves are of' such length as to cause one of the chambers formed by the packing-rings 50 to establish communication between the ports 38 and the ducts 37, while the other chamber merely confines the fluid entering the bore of the main valve by the ports 38, thus forming a dead body of lluid. The travel of the auxiliary valve is such as to cause the above relations to exist when the said valve is moved to either end of' the main valve. The auxiliary valve is moved back and forth by the fluid admitted under pressure through the apertures 35 of the valvestem spindles 33. l

Within the chambers 10 I form rbosses or fillets 52, through which extend vertical ports 53 from the interior of the cylinder 1. The fillets 52 and the ports are disposed nearer the ends than the center of' the cylinder, and the ports are connected with the chambers 24 at each end of the valve-casing 13 by means of' channels 54, extending through the bottom of the valve-casing 13. By observing the drawings it will be seen that when the main valve IIO lies at either end of the valve-casing one set A channel 56 is connected with the exhaust-nipple 2O by a vertical passage 57. It is therefore clear that the iuid exhausted through the passages 27 passes down one of the vertical ports 55 along the channel 56 and into the exhaust-nipple by the vertical passage 57. The valve-stem at the opposite end of the valve-casing toward which the piston-head is traveling projects beyond the packing-disk 21 when the parts are in the position described. As the piston-head passes beyond the port 53 at the far end of the cylinder the fluid under pressure passes up through the said port and by way of the channel 54 into the chamber 24, into which the valve-stem and its exposed ports 35 project. Fluid passing in through the apertures and filling the hollow stem comes in contact with the auxiliary valve and forces it to the other end of the main valve, causing the fluid at the opposite end of the main valve to be exhausted in the manner before described.

The operation of my motor .is as follows:

, Of course it is to be understood that the piston-rod 7 is connected to a suitable pump or other device which it is desired to operate by the motor. Fluid under pressure entering through the nipple 16 fills the channeled boss 15 and passing through the openings 18, as shown in Fig. 1, fills the chambers confined between the packing-rings 41 and, as shown in Fig. 1, the fiuid entering the left-hand chamber by reason of the slotted groove 45 passes through the recessed portion 46 into the left-hand chamber 10, from which it passes through the cutaway opening 9 of the head 2 into the cylinder and drives the piston in the direction of the arrow or toward the righthand end of the cylinder. In Fig. 1 the piston is shown in the center of the cylinder and having traveled half of its stroke therein. It will be observed that the opposite slotted groove 45 lies in the chamber formed by the fianged sleeve 42, thus being in communication with the exhaust-opening 19 and the exhaust-nipple 20, and therefore the body of iiuid upon the right-hand side of the pistonhead is caused to pass out through the opening 9 into the chamber 10 and from there through the recess 46 and slotted groove 45 into the said chamber formed by the anged sleeve 42 and from there to the exhaust-opening 19. The Huid entering through the openings 18 also passes through the apertures 40 and the ports 38 of the channeled sleeves 39 and the barrels 36. Thefluid passing into the right-hand barrel 36 will be confined between the packing-rings 50 of the auxiliary valve and held as a dead body of fluid, while the fluid passinginto the left-hand barrel will pass out through the ducts 37 into the chamber 25, thus filling the chamber 35 and moving the main valve to the right. 'In Fig. 1

' the main valve has reached the end of its ducts 37 into the chamber 25 is under pressure and merely holds the main valve in the position to which it has been moved. Of course it is to be understood that when the main valve 34 is first moved the left-hand slotted groove 45 stands to the right of the lefthand barrel 36 and the main valve is moved some distance to the right before the right-hand packing-ring 41 of the left-hand barrel 36 passes over the left-hand groove 45 and allows thefluid to pass into the chamber 10. Itis therefore apparent that the movement of the piston is entirely controlled by the main valve and, further, that the movement of the main valve is controlled by the auxiliary valve, which is in turn itself operated by the fluid under pressure, making both valves automatic in their operation. By observing Fig. 2 it will be noticed that the valves are in opposite positions to those in which they are shown in Fig. 1. The passing of the fluid, however, is the same and the piston-head is traveling in the direction of the arrow. After the piston is forced by the port 53 the fiuid underpressure passes upward through the said port along the channel 54 and into the right-hand chamber 24 and from there in through the ports 35 into the valve-stem 33, which it fills and comes in contact with the nut 51 and packing-ring 50 of the auxiliary valve, which latter is forced to the left. The Huid at the opposite end of the auxiliary valve lying in the left-hand barrel 36 and the stem 33 is forced out and exhausted through the ports 35, which communicate with the passages 27 andthe groove 22, from which it is eX- hausted by the vertical port 55, channel 56, and vertical passage 57. It 's obvious that when the auxiliary valve is moved to the left communication between the ports 38 and the ducts 37 of the left-hand barrel is cut off and communication between the right-hand ports 38 and ducts 37 is established, thus allowing the fluid entering into the right-hand barrel through the apertures 4() and ports 38 to pass out through the ducts 37 into the right-hand chamber 25, and thus force the main valve to the left, thereby causing the right-hand slotted groove 45 to be confined between the packing-rings 41 of the right-hand barrel and the left-hand slotted groove to be in communication with the exhaust-opening 19. The positions and relations of the ports 35 and the passages 27 of the packing-disk are also reversed. This action reverses the passage or travel of the fluid, and thus starts the piston on its return stroke. It will therefore be readily apparent that the valves are moved at each end of the stroke of the piston and that their movement is accomplished entirely by the fiuid without the aid of mechanical or manually-operated means Having now fully described my invention, what l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-i IOO IIO

ISO

1. In a fluid-motor, the combination with a cylinder and a piston working therein, of a valve-casing having communication with the cylinder, an automatic hollow slide-valve arranged in the casing for controlling the movement of the piston, means Within the casing for supporting the slide-valve and provided with exhaust-passages with which the interior ofthe said valve alternately communicates and an automatic auxiliary valve arranged within the slide-valve for controlling the movement of the same.

2. In a fluid-motor, the combination with a cylinder and a piston working therein, of a valve-casing having communication with the cylinder, means for dividing the casing into chambers, a hollow main valve arranged in the central chamber and projecting into and constructed to communicate alternately with the outer chambers, provision for supplying the outer chambers with pressure and for exhausting the same, and means for controlling the movements of the main valve and actuated by the pressure in said outer chambers.

3. In a fluid-motor, the combination with a valve-casing, of packing-disks arranged in the casing and each provided with a valve-receiving opening and exhaust-passages, a hollow main valve supported in the openings of the disks and provided with ports at each end adapted to alternately register with the exhaust-passages of one disk and communicate with the interior of the casing beyond the other packing-disk, and an auxiliary valve controlled and operated by a fluid alternately introduced and exhausted through the ports of the main valve.

4. In a fluid-motor, the combination with a cylinder and a single piston working therein, of a valve-casing having fluid-suppl y openings and fluid-outlet openings communicating with the cylinder and also provided with an exhaust-opening, a hollow main slide-valve having double packing-rings arranged at each endadapted to connect one of the su pply-openings with one of the outlet-openings to the cylinder and one of the outlet-openings to the cylinder with the exhaust-opening alternately, means for supporting the main valve within the casing, and an auxiliary valve arranged within the slide valve for controlling the movement thereof, the said main valve being constructed to alternately supply iiuid under pressure to and to convey the exhaust from the auxiliary valve.

JESSE C. HOWARD.

In presence of- A. L. PHELPS, M. B. SCHLEY. 

